Improvement in churns



body of the churn,

ionfwheel F, which connects with and commu-` YUNITED STATES PATENT 'l OFFICE.

AMOS WESTGOII, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN HURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 46,739, dated March 7. 1865.

To all whom', it may concern.-

Beit known that I, Anios Wnsroorr, of the city of Syracuse, in the` county of Oriondaga and State of N ew York, have invented `aanew and Improved Ghurn; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings and the letters of refereuce markedthereon.

In Figure 1, A represents the body of the churn in any of the ordinary forms; B, the lid, which is also shown reversed in Fig. 2 g E, the gear-wheelattaohed tothe end of the and gearing into the piunicates motion to the shaft inside the churn. c represents the upper side cf a funnel'- shaped hole for the admission of air into the body' of the churn, and D a round hole inthe 'other end of the lid for the escape'of air process of churning from the churn when the is going on. These two holes are more clearlyshown in Fig. 2 when the lid B is. seen reversed. l

H, Fig. 2, represents asquare strip or bar the length of thein's'ide of the body of the churn', and let down from the under surface ofthe lid by .a block under each end, about its own width, and over the edges of'this strip or bar the cream is` whipped'by 'the dasher-l paddles in churning, thus facilitating the process. Y This strip or bar is also shown at H, Fig. 4.

v In Fig. 3,I represents the main shaft of the churn, around which, in a spiral, are set the flasher-paddles a a a, &c., which are in all these partsof the'samewidth, Abut in their thickness tapering gradually from where they enter the shaft to their outer ends.

K K, Fig. 3, represents two paddles of about doublev the width of the others, but in other respects of the same form, -which are set into theshaft I near the end next the pinion-Wheel F, Fig. 1, and oppositeto each other, as shown in Fig. 3. These are made ofv greater width than the others, so that when the shaft I is in rapid motion, asin churning, they in passingover the innerlips of the funnelshaped hole C, Fig. 1, more clearly shown at C, Fig. 4, will' by creating a partial vacuum draw air into the bodyof the churn.

J Fig. 3, represents an iron ferrule, having the churn,

a hole in its center, (marked M 7) which is fastened upon the end of the shaft Inext the end of the body of the churn, to which is attached l the pinion-wheel F, Fig. 1,' when the shaft is ,in place in the body of the churn. `This ferrule J, Fig. ,3, upon its outer face or end has four projections, two upon each side, about one-fourth of an inch apart.

L, Fig. 3, represents the shaft ofthe pinion'- wheel F, Fig. l, and is ot' a length just sulcieut to reach through the end of the body of the churn, and through the pinionwheel. The inner end of this shaft L has an acorn-shaped head, (marked N, Fig. 3,) sides 'of the base of this head, there project two arms, (marked o 0,) one uponeach side, and of a length just Asuiicient to reach to the out side ofthe main shaft I, where the acoru' shaped h'e'ad is placed in the hole'M, and the arms o o between the projections d d d d of the ferrule J. upon the end of the main shaft.

The shaft L, Fig. 3,'i`sput into place from? the inside of the churn, the arms o o moving close to theinner surface of the end ofthe bodyof the churn, and the outer end of the shaft, L, passing just through the pinionwheel F, Fig. 1, which is irmly fastened to it.

P, Fig. 3, represents a simple projection or pin, forming a journal upon whichthatend of the shaft I turns.

Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of the churn, of which A is the body, B the lid, C the funnel-shaped hole forjadmitting air, VH the rectangular barlet down about its own width from the under surface of the lid, K K the two broad paddles near the gear end of a a twoot. the other pa'ddles which are set in a spiralabout the shaft I, and b b l, &c., are stepswhich lill up the two lower corners of the body of the .churn and over the edgesof which the cream is broken in churning.

Fig.--5 represents the manner in which the Shaft'L of thel pinion-wheel F, Fig. 1, is carried through the end of the body of the churn and all vleakage prevented. .'l is a metal box with a funnel-shaped hole through it, (marked Q,) and a ilange, V, which rests against the inner surface of the end of the body of the churn and is' firmly secured to it. The f unne1 l'shaped hole 'is then filled with some suitable packing material, as shown at Q, and the circular washer of cork, (marked 'Kyl'nd the packand fromopposite y in g is pressed firmly in place and held by the pla-te S, screwed upon the outside of the endof the ehurn,'as shown more clearly by S, Fin; 1. c i L Fig. l, represents a crank which can be removed from the gear-wheel E and attached to the lshaft of the pinion-Wheel F, Fig.`1,'

whenever necessary. l

Having now described the construction of my churn, I will now proceed to describe the 'oierationp-of the same.

The body of the churn being well rinsed, I place thev shaft containing the dasher-paddles into the body of the churn, so that the hole M, Fi g. 3, shall receive the acorn-shaped head of the short shaft L, Fig. 3,v and the arms o o be held between the projections-d dd d, Fig. 3, 4when the journal P, Eig. 3, can be dropped into its bearings, where it is held by a slide at the other end of the body of the churn. 'he creainis then poured in, so as to ll the body of the churn vsomewhat less than half rapidly, as indicated above, the cream will be- -brol en over the edges of the steps bib b, dsc., Fig. el, and Whipped over theedges of the 'rectangular-bar H, Fig. 4, and.the .processof churning be thereby much more rapidly performed. A

When the cream'has` so thickened up in churning that the labor of .turning the crank is wearisome, the crank should be remox'edV from the gear-wheel E and attached to the shaft of the pinion-Wheel F, Eig. 1, and the operation continued until the butter has come, which is usually from three to live minutes.

Ido not claim as my invention thebody of the churn, nor the use of gear-wheels, nor the shafts and its dasherlpaddles; but- Wh'at I do claim as vmy invention, fandl des.

sireto secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. The use of the funnel-shaped box T, Fig.

5, ,'With the method of packing the same, es!

seiitially as above described, in combination with the rectangular bar H', -the body of the vchurn and the shaft and dasher-paddles, as

above described'. y

2. 'The method ofV attaching, and securing the shaft I, Fig. 3, in the body of the chiirn, as above described, in combination. 'with the body, rectangular bar, pinion-Wheel, and shaft, as above described. Y

, 3. The method of introducing air Ainto the body of the churn,essenti ally as above vdescribed, in combination with the shaft vand flasher-paddles, bod y, and rectangular bar, as"

above described.,

Dated Syracuse, September, 1,864.

AMOS WESTCOTT. Witnesses.

GEO. 1). CoWLEs, W.`H. GrFnoRD. 

